To eliminate the interference, swap Band A/ Band B or change the frequency. You may experience interference on the internal GPS receiver when using in or around 147.0, MHz (Band A) and/or MHz (Band B). Once transmission is complete, the transceiver returns to the original display. While the above screen is displayed, pressing will change to the frequency display and transmission will begin. While the above screen is displayed (the GPS satellite information screen is positioning) press (1s) to register a Mark Waypoint. When GPS cannot be received, turn the power ON in a clear environment (Open Sky). When only the frame of the signal-strength bar is displayed, the satellite has not yet been captured. A solid bar indicates that the GPS satellite is ready for use.
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The satellite signal-strength bars indicate the strength of each satellite you are receiving. Sky view Satellite signal-strength bars The sky view shows the satellites you are receiving. When the Internal GPS receiver is On, pressing will display Latitude longitude, then press to cycle the display between Time, Altitude, Travel direction, speed > Target point distance, Travel direction > Log meter > GPS satellite information. You must set the time zone beforehand, through Menu No When determining your position for the first time after the power supply is turned On, the clock data is automatically set and is updated once per day thereafter. When the Internal GPS receiver is On, the internal clock is automatically configured with the time data from the internal GPS receiver. When the Internal GPS receiver is ON, the indicator appears on the display. Press, to turn the Internal GPS receiver ON or OFF. Interval and Total Distance Geographic Coordinates Format Example Latitude Longitude DD MM.mm (degrees and minutes) DDD MM.mm (degrees and minutes) N W GPS 1ΔΆ INTERNAL GPS FUNCTION ON/OFF Turn this function Off when connecting an external GPS receiver to the COM terminal. Using these standards on the air will prevent communications errors, confusion, repeats, and conversions. All operators should be trained to use the DDD MM.mm format by default in voice communications just like in data formats. Just like it is important to use proper international phonetics when spelling on the air, it is important in APRS as in any communications system to have a default standard for position. GPS and APRS Position Format Although position can be described in many different formats, such as degrees, degrees and minutes, and degrees, minutes and seconds, the GPS system and APRS have standardized on the degrees and decimal minutes format. By using this standard in conjunction with mapping standards for each country, accurate position plotting on a map can be done. For use with GPS, the current standard that defines the precise shape of the Earth is called WGS-84. Datum (Geodetic Survey System) The latitude and longitude information required by the GPS receiver does not allow for accurate representation of the unevenness of the Earth s surface. The precision of the determination of the intersecting point relies on the satellites and the data collected. By receiving multiple signals from different satellites and doing this distance calculation multiple times, the intersection of the spherical surfaces that represent the respective radius distances to the various satellites will determine a single point. Knowing this time allows calculation of the distance that the signal traveled from that particular satellite. The receiver measures the time duration between when the signal leaves the satellite and when the signal arrives at the GPS receiver. Position Determination Principle The GPS receiver receives the radio signals transmitted from the GPS satellites.
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Spread spectrum (SS) technology is used over a bandwidth of MHz to prevent interference among all the satellite signals on a common carrier frequency. For civilian use, the RF carrier frequency of the satellites is MHz.
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Therefore, there are four or more satellites located in each orbital track. A total of 24 or more GPS satellites are at a high-level altitude of approximately 20,000 km on six circular tracks with an orbital radius of approximately 26,000 km. Moreover, precision can be improved when a vehicle is used for navigation and aboard ships through use of map matching technology and differential GPS techniques. Position precision for public use is approximately 15 m. For example, anybody can use GPS in association with modern vehicle navigation systems. The system is available for use by the general public. The American Defense Department developed GPS originally for military operations. 1 GPS (GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM) What is GPS? GPS, standing for Global Positioning System, is becoming common nowadays.